You can use the get_posts() function:
<?php
/*
Template Name: Redirect
*/
$args = array(
'posts_per_page' => '1',
'post_type' => 'post'
);
$post = get_posts($args);
if($post){
$url = get_permalink($post[0]->ID);
wp_redirect( $url, 301 );
exit;
}