Image popup in a lightbox / overlay from the backend 3.5 admin area (plugin)

You can just use the built in ThickBox. Maybe not the pretties library but it does its job.
Just add the class thickbox to the link and add the image to the href

Here is a simple example:

<?php echo '<a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/78749/image.png" class="thickbox">'. __('Test image', 'domain') .'</a>'; ?>

Read more about ThickBox here.