JQuery Counter Limit not working for WP Comment Textarea

It appears that you have two errors in your code as posted in the comments (and pasted below).

  1. You’ve concatenated the script tag in the comment_field array value without encapsulating it as a string (in quotes). Ideally, your declaration of the limiter function should be in tags outside of the markup being passed in the comments_args array being passed to comment_form function. Alternatively, you could load the jquery counter library in your the tag by adding it to your theme’s functions.php (using wp_enqueue_script)
  2. Also, you’ve initialized the “limiter” function on the wrong element ID of “text” instead of “comment” as set in the ‘comment-field’ array key. I recommend calling it after the document is fully loaded/is ready.

For easier reference, I’ve copied and pasted the code you shared in the comments (reformatted for better readability) as well as posted the edits likely required:

Your implementation as shared (https://ideone.com/yFIXG3):

<div id="commentform" class="c-box">
  <?php global $aria_req; $comments_args = array(
'title_reply'=>'<h4><span>'.__('Add Comment', 'MyTheme' ).'</span></h4>',
'comment_notes_before' => '',
'comment_notes_after' => '',
'label_submit' => __( 'Post Comment', 'MyTheme' ),
'comment_field' => '<p class="comment-form-comment"><textarea id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" aria-required="true" maxlength="600" placeholder="'.__('Comment Description *', 'MyTheme' ).'"></textarea>'.<script>
(function ($) {
$.fn.extend({
limiter: function (minLimit, maxLimit, elem) {
$(this).on("keydown keyup focus keypress", function (e) {
setCount(this, elem, e);
});
function setCount(src, elem, e) {
var chars = src.value.length;
if (chars == maxLimit) {
//e.preventDefault();
elem.html(maxLimit - chars);
elem.addClass("maxLimit");
return false;
} else if (chars > maxLimit) {
src.value = src.value.substr(0, maxLimit);
chars = maxLimit;
elem.addClass("maxLimit");
} else {
elem.removeClass("maxLimit");
}
if (chars < minLimit) {
elem.addClass("minLimit");
} else {
elem.removeClass("minLimit");
}
elem.html(maxLimit - chars);
}
setCount($(this)[0], elem);
}
});
})(jQuery);
var elem = $("#chars");
$("#text").limiter(35, 200, elem);
</script>.'</p>',
'fields' => apply_filters( 'comment_form_default_fields',
array(
'author' => '<p class="comment-form-author">'
.( $req ? '' : '' ).'<input id="author" name="author" type="text" aria-required="true" maxlength="20" placeholder="'.__('Name *', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="'.esc_attr( $commenter['comment_author'] ) . '" size="30"' . $aria_req . ' /></p>',
'email' => '<p class="comment-form-email">'
.($req ? '' : '' ) . '<input id="email" name="email" type="text" aria-required="true" maxlength="50" placeholder="'.__('Email *', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="' . esc_attr(  $commenter['comment_author_email'] ).'" size="30"'.$aria_req.' /></p>',
'url' => '<p class="comment-form-url"><input id="url" name="url" type="text" placeholder="'.__('Website', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="' . esc_url( $commenter['comment_author_url'] ) . '" size="30" /></p>'
) 
)
); 
comment_form($comments_args); ?>
</div>

Your implementation as shared, but formatted:

<div class="c-box" id="commentform">
    <?php 
        global $aria_req; 
        $comments_args = array(
            'title_reply' =>
                '<h4><span>'.__('Add Comment', 'MyTheme' ).'</span></h4>',
            'comment_notes_before' => 
                '',
            'comment_notes_after' => 
                '',
            'label_submit' => 
                __( 'Post Comment', 'MyTheme' ),
            'comment_field' => 
                '<p class="comment-form-comment"><textarea id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" aria-required="true" maxlength="600" placeholder="'.__('Comment Description *', 'MyTheme' ).'"></textarea>'.
                <script>
                (function($) {
                    $.fn.extend({
                        limiter: function(minLimit, maxLimit, elem) {
                            $(this).on("keydown keyup focus keypress", function(e) {
                                setCount(this, elem, e);
                            });

                            function setCount(src, elem, e) {
                                var chars = src.value.length;
                                if (chars == maxLimit) {
                                    //e.preventDefault();
                                    elem.html(maxLimit - chars);
                                    elem.addClass("maxLimit");
                                    return false;
                                } else if (chars > maxLimit) {
                                    src.value = src.value.substr(0, maxLimit);
                                    chars = maxLimit;
                                    elem.addClass("maxLimit");
                                } else {
                                    elem.removeClass("maxLimit");
                                }
                                if (chars < minLimit) {
                                    elem.addClass("minLimit");
                                } else {
                                    elem.removeClass("minLimit");
                                }
                                elem.html(maxLimit - chars);
                            }
                            setCount($(this)[0], elem);
                        }
                    });
                })(jQuery);
                var elem = $("#chars");
                $("#text").limiter(35, 200, elem);
                </script>
                .'</p>',
            'fields' => 
                apply_filters( 'comment_form_default_fields',
                    array(
                        'author' => 
                            '<p class="comment-form-author">'.( $req ? '' : '' ).'<input id="author" name="author" type="text" aria-required="true" maxlength="20" placeholder="'.__('Name *', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="'.esc_attr( $commenter['comment_author'] ) . '" size="30"' . $aria_req . ' /></p>',
                        'email' => 
                            '<p class="comment-form-email">'.($req ? '' : '' ) . '<input id="email" name="email" type="text" aria-required="true" maxlength="50" placeholder="'.__('Email *', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="' . esc_attr(  $commenter['comment_author_email'] ).'" size="30"'.$aria_req.' /></p>',
                        'url' => 
                            '<p class="comment-form-url"><input id="url" name="url" type="text" placeholder="'.__('Website', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="' . esc_url( $commenter['comment_author_url'] ) . '" size="30" /></p>'
                    ) 
                )
        ); 
        comment_form($comments_args); 
    ?>
</div>

Recommended adjustments:

<div class="c-box" id="commentform">
<?php 
    global $aria_req; 
    $comments_args = array(
        'title_reply' => 
            '<h4><span>'.__('Add Comment', 'MyTheme' ).'</span></h4>',
        'comment_notes_before' => 
            '',
        'comment_notes_after' => 
            '',
        'label_submit' => 
            __( 'Post Comment', 'MyTheme' ),
        'comment_field' => 
            '<p class="comment-form-comment"><textarea id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" aria-required="true" maxlength="600" placeholder="'.__('Comment Description *', 'MyTheme' ).'"></textarea></p>',
        'fields' => 
            apply_filters( 'comment_form_default_fields',
                array(
                'author' =>
                    '<p class="comment-form-author">'.( $req ? '' : '' ).'<input id="author" name="author" type="text" aria-required="true" maxlength="20" placeholder="'.__('Name *', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="'.esc_attr( $commenter['comment_author'] ) . '" size="30"' . $aria_req . ' /></p>',
                'email' => 
                    '<p class="comment-form-email">'.($req ? '' : '' ) . '<input id="email" name="email" type="text" aria-required="true" maxlength="50" placeholder="'.__('Email *', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="' . esc_attr(  $commenter['comment_author_email'] ).'" size="30"'.$aria_req.' /></p>',
                'url' => 
                    '<p class="comment-form-url"><input id="url" name="url" type="text" placeholder="'.__('Website', 'MyTheme' ).'" value="' . esc_url( $commenter['comment_author_url'] ) . '" size="30" /></p>'
                ) 
            )
    ); 
    comment_form($comments_args); 
?>

<script>
(function($) {
    $.fn.extend({
        limiter: function(minLimit, maxLimit, elem) {
            $(this).on("keydown keyup focus keypress", function(e) {
                setCount(this, elem, e);
            });

            function setCount(src, elem, e) {
                var chars = src.value.length;
                if (chars == maxLimit) {
                    //e.preventDefault();
                    elem.html(maxLimit - chars);
                    elem.addClass("maxLimit");
                    return false;
                } else if (chars > maxLimit) {
                    src.value = src.value.substr(0, maxLimit);
                    chars = maxLimit;
                    elem.addClass("maxLimit");
                } else {
                    elem.removeClass("maxLimit");
                }
                if (chars < minLimit) {
                    elem.addClass("minLimit");
                } else {
                    elem.removeClass("minLimit");
                }
                elem.html(maxLimit - chars);
            }
            setCount($(this)[0], elem);
        }
    });
    $(document).ready(function() {
        var elem = $("#chars");
        $("#comment").limiter(35, 200, elem);
    });
})(jQuery);
</script>

</div><!--/#commentform-->