right_now_content_table_end function not working?

The new action is dashboard_glance_items. It is a filter providing an array to which you can add items.

Example from my plugin T5 Taxonomy Location

add_filter(
    'dashboard_glance_items',
    array ( $this, 'add_to_glance' )
);


/**
 * Add locations to the new "At a glance" dashboard widget.
 *
 * @param  array $items
 * @return array
 */
public function add_to_glance( Array $items )
{
    $num  = wp_count_terms( $this->taxonomy );
    // Singular or Plural.
    $text = _n(
        '%s Location',
        '%s Locations',
        $num,
        'plugin_t5_tax_location'
    );
    // thousands separator etc.
    $text = sprintf( $text, number_format_i18n( $num ) );

    if ( current_user_can( "manage_$this->taxonomy" ) )
    {
        $url  = admin_url( "edit-tags.php?taxonomy=$this->taxonomy" );
        $text = "<a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/127750/$url">$text</a>";
    }

    $items[] = $text;

    return $items;
}

This change is not backwards compatible and rather … dirty. See ticket #26571 for problems and possible solutions.