Show the post date using the wp_get_archives() function?

wp_get_archives() can not display post date, but you can force wp_get_archives to display date by using hook.

Put the following function at the end of your custom template file or functions.php file –

function wpse_the_title($title, $id){
    if( $date = get_the_date('d/m/Y', $id) ){
        $title = sprintf('%s - %s', $date, $title);
    }
    return $title;
}

Replace with appropriate code –

<?php add_filter('the_title', 'wpse_the_title', 10, 2); ?>
<ul>
    <?php wp_get_archives('type=postbypost'); ?>
</ul>
<?php remove_filter('the_title', 'wpse_the_title', 10, 2); ?>