There’s no definitive list that I’m aware of. If you want to get the markup for a block the only reliable way to do that is to insert it into the editor and then copy the result to the clipboard.
You cannot assume that all blocks are “<!-- wp:
plus post-title
plus optional attributes {tag: something}
plus /-->
“, as many blocks also include HTML that they depend on. For example, the image block looks like this:
<!-- wp:image {"id":1934,"sizeSlug":"full","linkDestination":"none"} -->
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img src="https://example.test/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/image-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-1934"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
Just using the <!--
part would not be sufficient.