WordPress aggressively caching CSS

WordPress doesn’t actively participate in the process of actually serving your stylesheet file. It links to it in page source, but as actual physical file the handling of it isn’t done by WordPress core and passed to the webserver to be served as any static file would be.

?ver=3.9.1 is added by default, if actual version isn’t provided when queueing the style. This is used for cache busting and has no impact on serving file, as far as CSS is concerned this part is meaningless.

Looking at your stylesheet in REDbot there doesn’t seem to be any caching issues either.

From this information I would say you are either looking at wrong file or file wasn’t successfully updated on server.