wp-json and what data does it give away?

/wp-json/ is the base part of the WordPress REST API

https://developer.wordpress.org/rest-api/

An authors ID isn’t a big deal. I would imagine on your theme, every time the post authors name shows, within the HTML showing the name, there’d be element classes containing the authors ID. It’s normal to have shown in publicly viewable source code, and it’s easy to discover “hack” an id by simply making a query on your site /?author=x and manually mapping IDs to usernames.

The link above details the REST API, and what it does and can show. I’m over simplifying it, but: the REST API acts as basically your entire WordPress site, in JSON format – with availability to query and do specific things.

If nervous about the API and not using it, it’s easy to remove.