Hope I’m understanding you correctly could you not just do something simple like this
$args1 = array(
'post_type' => 'post',
'posts_per_page' => 4
);
$loop = new WP_Query($args);
while ($loop->have_posts()) :
$loop->the_post();
echo '<h2><a href="'.the_permalink().'">'.the_title().'</a></h2>';
if ($loop->current_post == 0) {
echo the_post_thumbnail();
echo the_excerpt();
}
endwhile; wp_reset_postdata();