Does your theme have a search.php to display the results? And if not then create one based on the codex examples or default theme or post the source to your index.php for troubleshooting.
Edit: Your search.php is difficult to debug, try following the structure of a default theme, and put something like this in your search.php to test if that might be the problem:
<?php get_header(); ?>
<section id="primary" class="site-content">
<div id="content" role="main">
<?php if ( have_posts() ) : ?>
<?php while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>
<?php get_template_part( 'content', get_post_format() ); ?>
<?php endwhile; ?>
<?php else : ?>
<article>
<div class="entry-content">
<p>Nothing found, do you want to search?</p>
<?php get_search_form(); ?>
</div><!-- .entry-content -->
</article><!-- #post-0 -->
<?php endif; ?>
</div><!-- #content -->
</section><!-- #primary -->
<?php get_footer(); ?>