This depends on how the theme was developed from the beginning. Theoretically, if everything was coded to standards you can rename the folder and nothing bad will happen.
When renaming the folder you are at risk of breaking code that asks specifically for files from the theme directory by name. WordPress offers a number of functions to help decouple the theme directory.
get_stylesheet_directory_uri
get_template_directory_uri
get_theme_root_uri
- a couple of others (
get_bloginfo
) - and even the magic
__FILE__
and__DIR__
, along withdirname()
, etc.
Using these function a theme can achieve loose coupling with what directory it resides in. Thus, if the theme that you want to rename the directory for has made good use of the above functions, then you should be fine.
Just in case, you can do a grep
for the theme directory and see if it pops up in any javascript as a hardcoded path.
You will however have to reactivate it in your Appearance > Themes.
I just did this with twentyten
and when you go to the admin you will see:
The active theme is broken. Reverting to the default theme.
Reactivate the theme and see if it works. twentyten
does, twentyeleven
does too.
The same goes for plugins, too.
wp_enqueue_style
and wp_enqueue_script
Codex pages state the following:
You should never hardcode URLs to local scripts, use Function Reference/plugins_url (for Plugins) and Function Reference/get_template_directory_uri (for Themes) to get a proper URL.