Can’t get taxonomy ID for each post on archive page

From the help of the comments above I needed to use get_term_terms to print the ID.

I used the code below to achieve what I needed:

<?php 
    $terms = get_the_terms( $post->ID, 'producers_assessment' ); 
        foreach($terms as $term) {?>
            <?php 
            $image = get_field('badge', 'producers_assessment_' . $term->term_id);
            if( !empty($image) ): ?>
                <img src="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/295839/<?php echo $image["url']; ?>" alt="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/295839/<?php echo $image["alt']; ?>" width="50" height="50" />
            <?php endif; ?>
        <?php } ?>