Display posts with tag for custom post type only

get_the_tags() is a shortcut function to get the terms from the post_tags taxonomy.

What you have done is make a new and different taxonomy. And you will need to use get_the_terms() to get your required data.

E.g.

$terms = get_the_terms($post, 'image-gallery_tags'); 

https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_the_terms/