Can custom taxonomies items have attached properties?

This sounds like a good idea as it would let you query by location etc. I don’t know what you plan to use the co-ordinates for, but it makes no sense to have them attached to an event (unless that event is a one-off in the middle of a field, but I guess that would be an edge case?).

As for implementation, this is a very useful plugin:

http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/taxonomy-metadata/

It allows you to add/get/update/delete term meta just as though it were post meta

So you could do something like this (just to give the idea, may not work 100%) :

  add_action( 'locations_edit_form_fields', 'edit_locations');
  function edit_locations($location)
  {
    $url = get_term_meta($location->term_id, 'url', true); 
    ?>
   <tr class="form-field">
      <th scope="row" valign="top"><label for="url">url</label></th>
      <td>
        <input type="text" name="url" id="url" 
            value="<?php echo $url; ?>"/>
        <p class="description">Add url here.</p>
      </td>
  </tr> 
  }

to set the information, and then use $_POST to update the meta thusly:

 add_action( 'edited_locations', 'update_location', 10, 2);
 function update_location($location_term_id)
 {
   if (!$location_term_id) 
       return;

   if (isset($_POST['url'])) {
      //you may wish to sanitize this value (not sure if it has been already?)
      update_term_meta($location_term_id, 'url', $_POST['url']);
   }
 }

Further reading: http://en.bainternet.info/2011/custom-taxonomies-extra-fields