Do not display post images on front page

Try this

<?php
    add_filter('the_content','wpi_image_content_filter',11);

    function wpi_image_content_filter($content){

    if (is_home() || is_front_page()){
        $content = preg_replace("/<img[^>]+\>/i", "", $content);
    }

        return $content;
}
?>

Place in your functions.php file, call up your the_content() like normal. This will allow you to still have a feature image, but remove all images from main page. If you want to remove them from other pages just add to your and ||

–Edit–

You were on the right track with the filter and replace, 🙂 just have to do some digging.