Filters do not work when there are multiple (one works)

I noticed your filter function is using get_query_var() which automatically parses URL/form parameters from the superglobals $_GET and $_POST, but only if the parameters are registered as public query vars.

Were you aware of that, and have you registered the orderby2 parameter as a public query var?

Because in my case (WordPress v6.1.1), the 2nd filter failed because orderby2 wasn’t a registered query var, hence the value was always empty:

$orderby2 = sanitize_text_field(get_query_var('orderby2'));

So try registering it as query var like so, which uses query_vars:

function myplugin_query_vars( $qvars ) {
    $qvars[] = 'orderby2';
    return $qvars;
}
add_filter( 'query_vars', 'myplugin_query_vars' );

_{Note: I didn’t register orderby because it is one of the many reserved terms in WordPress, and WordPress automatically registers it as a query var.}

Or you could instead just use $_GET['orderby2'] to get the value:

$orderby2 = sanitize_text_field( $_GET['orderby2'] ?? 'all2' );