Idea #1 is correct if your template use body_class() like
<body <?php body_class(); ?>>
In this case the body tag will be something like:
<body class="page page-id-6 page-template-default">
If the id of viewed page is 6 and template used is the default.
See Codex
However, in pages the global $post variable is available even in the header and before calling the_post(). So $post->post_name will contain the slug of your page and you can make use of it as you want.
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