How to filter result set in custom metaboxes?

To add a date picker to your code, you should load set jQuery date picker which included in WordPress to load in the product admin page and write some custom JS code which will allow to filter the products by the dates picked.

You can load all the products and then filter them with code, or load via Ajax only the products between specific dates. If you have many products that Ajax approach will be better to prevent long load time.

Here you can find how to load the jQuery UI date picker:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/27463687/2011434

Here you can find a few ways to enqueue the script in the product page How do I Enqueue styles/scripts on Certain /wp-admin Pages?

You can see here example how to perform a Ajax call to admin Ajax
https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/a/112717/62909