Replace Content of Sidebar on Custom Post Type

After a lot of trying and testing, I think I’ve found a solution:

add_filter( 'sidebars_widgets', 'exchange_sidebars', 10);

function exchange_sidebars( $sidebars_widgets ){
    global $post;
    // Define the sidebar which should be exchanged
    $selected_sidebar="sidebar-1"

    // IF we are on a custom post type
    // AND it is a Child Page (= page has post_parent)
    // THEN change selected sidebare with courses-lessons sidebar
    if ( is_singular('courses') && $post->post_parent && $sidebars_widgets['courses-lessons-sidebar'] ) {
        $sidebars_widgets[$selected_sidebar] = $sidebars_widgets['courses-lessons-sidebar'];

    // IF we are on a custom post type
    // AND it is a Parent Page (= page has no post_parent)
    // THEN change selected sidebare with courses-overview sidebar
    }elseif( is_singular('courses') && !$post->post_parent && $sidebars_widgets['courses-overview-sidebar'] ) {
        $sidebars_widgets[$selected_sidebar] = $sidebars_widgets['courses-overview-sidebar'];
    }
    return $sidebars_widgets;
}

Just in case someone else is interested in the solution 😉