view a list of 3 future post, from the nearest to the most far

You should be able to get the next 3 posts by requesting the future status.

$args = array(
    'post_type'       => 'post',
    'post_status'     => 'future',
    'posts_per_page'  => 3,
    'orderby'         => 'date',
    'order'           => 'ASC',
);
$future_posts = new WP_Query( $args );

References

• WP_Query
  • parse_query() (details on the available arguments)
• Post Status » Future