a:0:{} is replaced into database as s:6:”a:0:{}”;

API calls are API calls, not database writes. What and how information is stored in the DB is usually best left as an unknown since, unless explicitly defined in the API, it might change.

Specifically in this case, wordpress will serialize the value being passed, and since you are passing a string it is serialized as a string.

And if what you are after is storing an empty array, just pass an empty array as the value.