custom post type, hide or disable the status line in publish meta box

WordPress doesn’t provide any filter/hook to override the existing HTML in post submit metabox. So, either you remove the entire metabox and add your own (which will be overkill in your case) or just hide it using CSS or remove that element using JS.

function wpse406970_remove_publishing_actions() {
    global $typenow;
    if ( $typenow == 'YOUR_CPT' ) { ?>
        <style>
            .misc-pub-post-status {
                display: none !important;
            }
        </style>
        <script>
            jQuery(document).ready(function($){
                $('.misc-pub-post-status').remove();
            });
        </script>   
    <?php }
}
add_action( 'admin_head', 'wpse406970_remove_publishing_actions', 999 );  

I recommend using both approaches as only JS might show a spalsh of the element before removing.