Media Library Categories

I found a solution!

My code changed quite a bit…

Here is what the functions.php file looks like (which did not change):

function wptp_add_categories_to_attachments() {
    register_taxonomy_for_object_type( 'category', 'attachment' );
}
add_action( 'init' , 'wptp_add_categories_to_attachments' );

But here is the new code in footer.php, which returns the images from the Media Library, but only from an assigned category:

<?php
    $args = array(
        'post_type' => 'attachment',
        'numberposts' => '5',
        'category_name' => 'your-category-name'
    );
    $images = get_posts($args);
    if (!empty($images)) {
?>
    <div class="wrap">
        <h5><span>Recently</span> Added</h5>
        <ul>
            <?php
                foreach ($images as $image) {
                    $attachment_link = get_attachment_link( $image->ID );
                    echo "<li><a href="".$attachment_link."">".wp_get_attachment_image($image->ID)."</a></li>";
                }
            ?>
        </ul>
    </div>
<?php } else { ?>
    <div class="wrap">
        <h5>Oops...</h5>
        <p><?php _e( 'Sorry, no posts matched your criteria.' ); ?></p>
    </div>
<?php } ?>

I could have tweaked my existing code my adding category_name => 'your-category-name' to my $args, but this is a much more simplified approach and does the exact same thing…it just uses get_posts instead of query_posts.