What does ‘git blame’ do?

From git-blame: Annotates each line in the given file with information from the revision which last modified the line. Optionally, start annotating from the given revision. When specified one or more times, -L restricts annotation to the requested lines. Example: Please note that git blame does not show the per-line modifications history in the chronological sense. It only … Read more

How to send an email with Python?

I recommend that you use the standard packages email and smtplib together to send email. Please look at the following example (reproduced from the Python documentation). Notice that if you follow this approach, the “simple” task is indeed simple, and the more complex tasks (like attaching binary objects or sending plain/HTML multipart messages) are accomplished very rapidly. For sending email … Read more

Purpose of “%matplotlib inline”

%matplotlib is a magic function in IPython. I’ll quote the relevant documentation here for you to read for convenience: IPython has a set of predefined ‘magic functions’ that you can call with a command line style syntax. There are two kinds of magics, line-oriented and cell-oriented. Line magics are prefixed with the % character and work much like … Read more

How do I find the length of an array?

If you mean a C-style array, then you can do something like: This doesn’t work on pointers (i.e. it won’t work for either of the following): or: In C++, if you want this kind of behavior, then you should be using a container class; probably std::vector.

How can I convert String to Int?

Try this: or better yet: Also, since Int32.TryParse returns a bool you can use its return value to make decisions about the results of the parsing attempt: If you are curious, the difference between Parse and TryParse is best summed up like this: The TryParse method is like the Parse method, except the TryParse method does not throw an exception if the conversion … Read more

What is an undefined reference/unresolved external symbol error and how do I fix it?

Compiling a C++ program takes place in several steps, as specified by 2.2 (credits to Keith Thompson for the reference): The precedence among the syntax rules of translation is specified by the following phases [see footnote]. Physical source file characters are mapped, in an implementation-defined manner, to the basic source character set (introducing new-line characters for end-of-line indicators) … Read more

How do I create a file and write to it?

Note that each of the code samples below may throw IOException. Try/catch/finally blocks have been omitted for brevity. See this tutorial for information about exception handling. Note that each of the code samples below will overwrite the file if it already exists Creating a text file: Creating a binary file: Java 7+ users can use the Files class to write to … Read more