What does “e” in “1e-5” in Python language mean and what is the name of this notation?

I notice that there is such an expression “1e-5” in Python(probably in other languages also)

  1. What is the name of this notation?
  2. what does it denote in math?
  3. What does ‘e’ mean? It’s the first time I see a character helps to denote some value, are there other characters also help do so?
  4. Why should use this way instead of some other python math operation like pow() etc.

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