Child Themes and Updating Parent Theme

They are referring to the source PHP, JavaScript, and CSS and really any other files contained within the parent theme’s directory. If you have not modified the files within the parent theme, you shouldn’t have much to worry about. Your posts, pages, and other content should not be deleted from updating a theme.

It is possible that the updated theme will handle features in different or unexpected ways. You should still back up your site’s database and files prior to doing an update as a precaution.