Does the 3.4.2 Dashboard have Chrome Frame headers?

From wp-includes/vars.php:

if ( isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ) {
    if ( strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], 'Lynx') !== false ) {
        $is_lynx = true;
    } elseif ( stripos($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], 'chrome') !== false ) {
        if ( stripos( $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], 'chromeframe' ) !== false ) {
            if ( $is_chrome = apply_filters( 'use_google_chrome_frame', is_admin() ) )
                header( 'X-UA-Compatible: chrome=1' );
            $is_winIE = ! $is_chrome;
        } else {
            $is_chrome = true;
        }

In plain English: If a user agent header is set, and there is the string chrome in it and the string chromeframe too – read: it is an Internet Explorer with Chrome Frame installed – and it is an request to wp-admin … then send X-UA-Compatible: chrome=1.

[…] when I inspect the headers in Chrome, I don’t see the standard Chrome Frame headers.

Of course you don’t. Chrome Frame is an extension for Internet Explorer, not for the Chrome browser. 🙂