Filter taxonomy terms using multiple id in the edit-tags.php

It’s easy to implement. All you need is your own hook for get_terms_args filter:

add_filter( 'get_terms_args', 'wpse8170_get_terms_args', 10, 2  );
function wpse8170_get_terms_args( $args, $taxonomies ) {
    if ( !in_array( 'post_tag', $taxonomies ) ) {
        return $args;
    }

    $matches = array();
    if ( empty( $args['search'] ) || !preg_match( '/^\#(.*)$/', $args['search'], $matches ) ) {
        return $args;
    }

    if ( count( $matches ) == 2 ) {
        $args['search'] = '';
        $args['include'] = array_filter( array_map( 'intval', explode( '&', $matches[1] ) ) );
    }

    return $args;
}