I don’t see site_url and home_url fields in wp_options table (phpMyAdmin)?

Check wp-config.php. It’s possible to define these values there, in which case they won’t be available as settings, which means they won’t be saved in the database.

It is possible to set the site URL manually in the wp-config.php file.

Add these two lines to your wp-config.php, where “example.com” is the correct location of your site.

define( 'WP_HOME', 'http://example.com' );
define( 'WP_SITEURL', 'http://example.com' );

This is not necessarily the best fix, it’s just hard-coding the values into the site itself. You won’t be able to edit them on the General settings page anymore when using this method.

— https://wordpress.org/support/article/changing-the-site-url/#edit-wp-config-php

If this was done on the original site, the corresponding values won’t exist in wp_options. The solution would be to either change the values in wp-config.php, or remove these lines from wp-config.php and then insert the desired values into wp_options manually.