Strange characters added to the database

The strange characters you are referring to are part of the table prefix. This is configured with the variable $table_prefix in the file wp-config.php.

$table_prefix = 'wp_';

When migrating a WordPress installation and setting up a new wp-config.php file you have to make sure, the prefix stays exactly the same as in the former config file. Else all database tables have to be renamed accordingly.