Jquery function working in Dev Console but not otherwise [duplicate]

As toscho pointed out, use jQuery(document).ready(function($) { ... }); instead of $( function() { ... });

Edit: Main problem is WP rich text editor escaping your html <script> tags. See https://codex.wordpress.org/Using_Javascript at the bottom of the page for a plugin-based workaround to turn off formating for specific posts/pages, allowing you to insert code.

Alternately, add JavaScript to appropriate template file or enqueue in functions.php as external script.