I need some direction on how to have a sidebar based on meta rather than page

1. Create a sidebar $type . '_sidebar'
2. Register the sidebar $type . '_sidebar' (e.g dog_sidebar)
3. Pass the type as GET argument to the widget.php (create some menu entries or something else where you link to e.g. wp-admin/widgets.php?sidebar_type=dog_sidebar)

4. Filter out every sidebar that should not be displayed. You can use this function:

     global $wp_registered_sidebars;
   
     $type =filter_input( INPUT_GET, 'sidebar_type', FILTER_SANITIZE_STRIPPED );
   
     if ( empty( $type ) )
       return;
   
     if ( isset( $wp_registered_sidebars[ $type ] ) ) {
       $keep = array( $type => $wp_registered_sidebars[ $type ] );
       $wp_registered_sidebars = array_intersect_key( $keep, $wp_registered_sidebars );
     }
   
   }
   
   add_action( 'sidebar_admin_setup', 'filter_sidebars', 1, 0 );
   

For example in Twenty Twelve there are three registered sidebars (the sidebar IDs): sidebar-1, sidebar-2 and sidebar-3.
If you now go to your-blogdoma.in/wp-admin/widgets.php?sidebar_type=sidebar-3, there is only the third sidebar left (with ID sidebar-3).

If you have registered a sidebar dog_sidebar and visit your-blogdoma.in/wp-admin/widgets.php?sidebar_type=dog_sidebar, the only visible sidebar is the ‘Dog Sidebar’ (with ID dog_sidebar).

The plugin stores data for the sidebar based on the “type”‘s id

There is no need to do this. Every sidebar stores it’s own data. But maybe I misunderstood what you attempting with “stores data for the sidebar“.