How to get post type information?

I sometimes have no clue on which conditional to use is_singular(), is_post_type_archive() and what the post type is actually named for a certain plugin

is_singular() will return true on any single post page

• This conditional tag checks if a singular post is being displayed, which is the case when one of the following returns true: is_single(), is_page() or is_attachment(). If the $post_types parameter is specified, the function will additionally check if the query is for one of the post types specified.

is_post_type_archive() will return true when the srchive page is being viewed of a custom post type

-Checks if the query is for an archive page of a given post type(s).

As for code, you can always use the $post global and then use that to check the post type of the given post. On archive pages, $post should always contain the post object of the last post in a query.

Something like following will work:

global $post;
// Get all the custom post types
$args = [
   'public'   => true,
   '_builtin' => false
];
$post_types = get_post_types( $args ); 

$single_post_type = $post->post_type;

// For single post pages
if ( is_single() ) { // Or you can use is_singular()
    // Only display post type name if post type is not build in type
    if ( in_array( $single_post_type, $post_types ) ) {
        echo $single_post_type;
    }
}

// For single post type archives
if ( is_post_type_archive ) { 
    echo $single_post_type;
}